Key signposts like the ones in Table 9.3 "Organizing Signposts" should be concise, parallel, and obviously worded. Winans, Public Speaking (New York: Century, 1917), 421. Winans wrote in 1917 that “it is at a transition, ninety-nine times out of a hundred, that the speaker who staggers or breaks down, meets his difficulty.”James A. ![]() In terms of writing, compose transitions that are easy for you to remember and speak. You can also include internal previews and internal reviews in your main points to help make the content more digestible or memorable. The preview in the introduction and review in the conclusion need not be the only such signposts in your speech. Organizing signposts like First, Second, and Third can be used within a main point to help speaker and audience move through information. Words and phrases like Aside from and While are good ways to transition between thoughts within a main point or subpoint. There are also signposts that can be useful within sections of your speech. “Habitat for Humanity is an organization with an inspiring history that has done much for our area while also providing an opportunity for volunteers, like myself, to learn and grow.” “In closing, I hope you now have a better idea of the impact this well-known group has had.” “Habitat for Humanity has done a lot of good work in our area, and I was fortunate to be able to experience this as a volunteer.” Transition from main point two to main point three “Now that you know more about the history of Habitat for Humanity, let’s look at the work they have done in our area.” Transition from main point one to main point two “Let’s begin with the history of Habitat for Humanity.” “Today, I’d like to inform you about the history of Habitat for Humanity, the work they have done in our area, and my experiences as a volunteer.” While the preview and review statements are in the introduction and conclusion, respectively, the other signposts are all transitions that help move between sections of your speech. In the order you will likely use them, they are preview statement, transition between introduction and body, transitions between main points, transition from body to conclusion, and review statement (see Table 9.3 "Organizing Signposts" for a review of the key signposts with examples). There are several key signposts in your speech. ![]() Signposts in speeches are statements that help audience members navigate the turns of your speech. Signposts on highways help drivers and passengers navigate places they are not familiar with and give us reminders and warnings about what to expect down the road.
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